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institution providing patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment.Today , hospitals are largely staffed by professional physicians , surgeons . and nurses , whereas in the past , this work was usually performed by the founding religious orders or by volunteers.There are over 17.000 hospitals in the world.In accord with the original meaning of the word , hospitals were originally "places of hospitality".
Some patients go to a hospital just for diagnosis , treatment , or therapy and then leave ('outpatients') without staying overnight; while others are 'admitted' and stay overnight or for severaldays or weeks or months ('inpatients').Hospitals usually are distinguished from other types of medical facilities by their ability to admit and care for inpatients while the others often are described as clinics.
The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital . which is set up to deal with many kinds of disease and injury , and normally has an emergency department to deal with immediate and urgent threats to health.Some hospitals have their own ambulance service.A district hospital typically is the major health care facility in its region , with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care.
Types of specialized hospitals include trauma centers , rehabilitation hospitals , children`s hospitals , seniors'(geriatric) hospitals , and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric problems (psychiatric hospital) , certain disease categories such as cardiac , oncology , or orthopedic problems , and so on.
A hospital may be a single building or a number of buildings.Many hospitals with pre-twentieth-century origins began as one building and evolved into campuses.Some hospitals are affiliated with universities for medical research and the training of medical personnel such as physicians and nurses , often called teaching hospitals.Worldwide , most hospitals are run on a nonprofit basis by governments or charities.
The medical facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a clinic.Clinics generally provide only outpatient services.
Hospitals vary widely in the services they offer and therefore , in the departments (or "wards") they have.Each is usually headed by a Chief Physician.They may have acute services such as emergency department or specialist trauma center , burn unit , surgery , or urgent care.These may then be backed up by more specialist units such as:
1.Emergency department.
2.Cardiology.
3.Intensive care unit.
4.Pediatric intensive care unit.
5.Neonatal intensive care unit.
6.Cardiovascular intensive care unit.
7.Neurology.
8.Oncology.
9.Obstetrics and gynecology.
Some hospitals will have outpatient departments and some will have chronic treatment units such as behavioral health services , dentistry , dermatology . psychiatric ward . rehabilitation services , and physical therapy.Нужно сделать перевод теста на русский язык!!!.