ТАБЛИЦА ИЗМЕНИТЬ СЛОВОСОЧИТАНИЕ (PRODUCE GOODS ) ПО ТАБЛИЦЕ

1. She makes mistakes in spelling.
2. They enjoy their English lessons.
3. The crowd waited a long time to see the famous actor.
4. He worked in that Institute for many years.
7. Напишите следующие предложения в вопросительной форме, употребляя во¬просительные слова, данные в скобках:
1. The performance lasted two hours. (How long)
2. He went to London to see some friends. (Why)
3. Speech is a kind of vibration. (What)
4. Painting is an ancient art. (What)

8. Образуйте Past Indefinite (Simple) и Participle II от следующих глаголов. Проверьте себя по таблице неправильных глаголов:
to build, to think, to go, to see, to give, to meet, to write, to read, to know, to take, to teach, to feel, to have, to come, to begin, to find, to get, to say, to tell, to put, to leave, to do, to sing, to lose, to stand.

9.Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Present, Past, Future Continuous
(Progressive):
1. Listen! Someone (knock) at the door.
2. The bus (stop) for us now.
3. The accident happened while they (travel) in the South.
4. When I got up this morning, the sun (shine) brightly.
5. I (wait) on the corner for you at the usual time tomorrow morning.
6. It probably (rain) when you get back.

10. Замените в следующих предложениях действительный залог страдательным. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1. The little boy ate the cake.
2. The teacher corrects our exercises at home.

11. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1. The book will be published in spring.
2. The class is taught by Mr. Smith.
3. It was designed by a French engineer.
4. This book is always read by the students of the first course.

1. Trade ... well in this area.
2. It is necessary to have correct ... to make a correct decision.
3. He does not have ... money to ... a car.
4. Economists study the ... between prices of different goods in the ... .
5. The economist industrial economics.
6. The growth of industry and agriculture ... the life of all the people in the country.

Affects, data, relationship, market, develops, is interested in, enough, buy.

3. Переведите следующие словосочетания, образованные по схеме «существительное + существительное»:
Образец: market analysis – анализ рынка
Labour economics, labour market study, goods and services prices, growth economics problems, economic situation details, consumer behaviour, future prediction, growth mechanism, agriculture and manufacturing relationship, mineral resources prices, agricultural product price growth, area development, trade growth prediction.

4. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в нужной форме.
1. Economists (to study) situations from real life by means of economic models.
2. Economists (to be) interested in relationship between prices for goods and buyers' behaviour.
3. The buyer (to choose) goods for which he (to have) enough money.
4. He (not/ to follow) our recommendations.
5. The manager (to make) decisions only after careful analysis of all the data.
6. She always (to buy) a lot of clothes.
7. The data (not/ to be) necessary now.
8. The prices for fuel (to be) very high.
9. A consumer (to be) a person who (to buy) goods and services.
10. There (to be) several mining areas in this country.

5. Соедините части предложений А и В и переведите предложения на русский язык:
А.
1. Resources and labour are necessary
2. It is necessary to know marketing
3. It is not enough to study economic theory
4. Like other sciences, economics uses models
5. To buy goods and services it is necessary for a consumer
6. It is not always possible to predict
7. To have enough money for his
8. Development of trade
В.
a) is essential for economic growth of a country.
b) the results of every phenomenon.
c) to produce goods.
d) to sell goods and services well.
e) to have enough money.
f) to be a good economist.
g) family he works a lot.
h) to analyze real life situations.

MARKET AND COMMAND ECONOMIES

Economics is a science that analyses what, how, and for whom society pro-duces. The central economic problem is to reconcile the conflict between peo-ple's unlimited demands with society's ability to produce goods and services.

In industrial Western countries markets are to allocate resources. The market is the process by which production and consumption are co¬ordinated through prices.

In a command economy, a central planning office makes decisions on what, how, and for whom to produce. Economy cannot rely entirely on command, but there was extensive planning in many Soviet bloc countries.

A free market economy has no government intervention. Resources are allocated entirely through markets.

Modern economies in the West are mixed and rely mainly on the market but with a large doze of government intervention. The optimal level of government intervention remains a problem which is of interest to economists.

The degree of government restrictions differs greatly between countries that have command economies and countries that have free market economies. In the former, resources are allocated by central government planning. In the latter, there is not any government regulation of the consumption, production, and exchange of goods. Between the two main types lies the mixed economy where market and government are both of importance.

INFLATION AND PRICES

Here is a part of a television programme about inflation and prices in the U.K.
The prices are for a pound of food, not a kilo. A pound is about 450 grams.

The reporter:
Inflation in Britain is running at about 15 per cent. These figures don't seem to mean very much, but when you look at the price of food, you understand what inflation means to the ordinary person. These are the prices you have to pay in the supermarket. Flour is 40 pence a pound and rice is 50. For a pound of sugar you'll have to pay 15 pence. Compare that with the price of sugar four years ago and you can see a real price difference.
Tomatoes are 1 pound sterling that's because it's a little early for tomatoes at the moment. Potatoes are 30 pence a pound. Peas and beans are 60 and 90, apples are 75. Onions are 60 pence a pound, bananas 50 and and sausages, the children's favourite, are 2 pounds sterling. Cheese has reached incredible 3 pounds sterling a pound, and if you follow me over here to the meat counter, you'll see a lot more. London has been truly called the most expensive city in the world, though, like all other cities, if you know your way around, you can always find lower prices than people normally pay. Transport is expensive in London compared with other places. The fares on the underground and taxi fares are very high.
Some things are really expensive, accommodation for instance.
Telephone calls to another London number, to say nothing about long distance calls, are rather expensive.
And clothes?.. It's difficult to find an average price for clothes, because there is a big difference in the price range, depending on the kind of shop you buy your clothes in and what quality you buy.

разного типа по содержанию текста.

Production of goods
and production of services .



The production or making of goods
involves many economic decisions. Producers have to decide how to raise the
money needed for their businesses. They must also consider methods and costs of
production. In addition, they have to decide how to bring their products to the
buyers, or the sales market. Workers who produce goods also have to make many
decisions. These decisions deal with jobs, pay, and work conditions. Job
benefits and work safety can be important as the money paid to workers.

Services play an important part in
everyone’s daily lives. Today more people work in service industries that in
the production of actual goods. Sales policies and training of workers are
directly related to the production of goods.